Shellac 1000 Hurts

All good things come in threes. And so the albums of Shellac – the third one is a good thing. Since 1994, when the band was formed by Steve Albini with bassist Tom Weston and drummer Todd Trainer, â€Å"1000 Hurts† is the third album confirming the status of Shellac as an original, purposefully mean-spirited band.Albini, as some sort of an underground God, his band and their album did not need any promotion on the radio or TV, there were no interviews, no free copies for the press. 1000 Hurts is Shellac’s third and by far best album, which again and again let us enjoy Albini’s guitar pirouettes and his lunatic screaming voice, Trainer’s beating the hell out of his drums, and Weston’s unmatched bass tone.In this album one will find a number of new elements which were not heard from Shellac yet: the radio in â€Å"QRT†, Todd’s singing in â€Å"New Number One† or â€Å"Guitarsolo† in â€Å"Canaveral†. But as St eve Albini says: these all this new stuff was not planned, but this is something they just came up with accidentally. May be it is hard to believe that the two monsters of the music producing (Albini and Weston) did not plan anything to make this album really good in terms of commercial success of the album. But these guys do it for fun.What also makes this album different is the quality of the songwriting. It’s not a case of clinging to the verse chorus verse structure so much as an adherence to melody. â€Å"Song Against Itself† employs Shellac’s trademark meaty riffage, but it also incorporates its most melodic vocals yet. The riffs seem even more memorable this time- to the point where you would possibly hum them later. It is impossible to hum their older songs like â€Å"Doris† or â€Å"House Full Of Garbage†.The songwriting has polarized from the easily accessible rock and roll The songs on this album switch gears from straightforward 4/4 tim e rock to bizarre arrangements/time changes more quickly and at greater extremes than their past releases. To make the contrast even more blatant, the straightforward parts are very straightforward, and the crazy parts are even more crazy.The emotional content of lyrics has remained the same, just like Albini himself: mean and sarcastic. â€Å"Prayer To God† is an hysterical plea, in which Albini asks â€Å"the one true God above† to kill two people for him. The tone of his prayer is dripping with sarcasm but the point is simple enough: â€Å"her, she can go quietly by disease or a blow/to the base of her neck where her necklaces close/where her garments come together/where I used to lay my face/that’s where you ought to kill her/in that particular place.†The music rises to meet his anger. â€Å"Squirrel Song† is a â€Å"sad fucking song† that showcases Shellac’s incredible rhythmic precision. â€Å"Song Against Itself† starts out sounding almost as straightforward as pop punk, while â€Å"Mama Gina† starts with a dissonant melody being played over a slow rhythm section which then fades out to bass pulses and guitar beeps with Steve singing/talking about a woman who likes to dance.Shellac hasn’t lost an ounce of its brutality. Pounding rhythms, sharp but sparse guitars, and repetitive bass lines bust through the speakers with exquisite production. The songs and recording on 1000 Hurts don't deviate from the sound of their other releases so much as to shock the listener. The disk doesn't really break any new ground – like its predecessors, it's a collection of angular guitar lines, hypnotically repetitive rhythms, oddball time signatures, noise-rock squalls and twisted lyrics.Frankly, it's just nice to hear a record that you know was written without even the slightest thought for commercial potential, marketing or playlists. 1000 Hurts shows Shellac in prime form who seems to have real ized that 12-minute rock songs don't rock. This record's longest track, â€Å"Mama Gina,† clocks in at an appropriate 5:44, long enough to fully flesh out the song, but not so long that the groove gets tired.

Plc Scada Panel

Octopi: Extra at actual to your account Extra at Actual Services: We have not included any site services in our present scope. Any service required at site will be charged (@ RSI. 7000/- man-day. In Iambi & Out of Iambi @ RSI 15,000/- man-day )Travel & Lodging for such visit will be to your account. Service tax will be charged @ 12. 36 % shall be levied. Any change in service tax will be to your account. Warranty: The offered equipment in the scope of supply of this contract shall be under warranty for a period of 12 months from date of dispatch.Validity: Delivery: 20 days from the date mentioned, unless extended by us in writing 3-4 weeks from date of receipt of techno commercial clear POP. Industry Scada Industry Web Studio is a powerful, integrated collection of automation tools that includes all the building blocks required to develop modern Human Machine Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) applications Interfaces that run (HIM),and native on environment. A si mple drag-and-drop, point-and-click development environment lets you mimic the most complex behavior of your live processes. Industry Web Studio is the ideal E-Automation solution in the industry FEATURES Includes over 250 communication drivers Supports OPAC (Build-in OPAC server & client) Supports various PC Control Packages Uses real-time graphical interface to develop industrial automation, instrumentation, and embedded systems Publishes real-time dynamic and animated graphic screens, trends, alarms, reports, and recipes to standard browsers Allows data exchange between wireless and mobile devices Supports multi-dimensional interface in the Web Thin Client environment Create stand-alone and Web applications from he same development environment applications running on Windows NT, 2000, XP, CE, CE .NET, VISTA or on the Web Integrates seamlessly with Windows desktop applications (such as Microsoft Word and Excel); interfaces with other third-party packages such as Java, C, C++, and Visual Basic applications from a common Web Browser (such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape) through the Internet/leant and exchange data with a server using a TCP/IP protocol Provides online configuration, debugging, and remote application management capabilities Provides extensive placement support tools such as codes, Database Spy, and Logging Contains a powerful, flexible tags database with Boolean, Real, String, and Array tags, classes, message register, error codes, event and indirect pointers Provides regulation Advanced math library has more than 100 standard functions Programming is via flexible and easy-to-use scripting language Provides multi-level security for applications, including use over Intranets and Internet.Conforms to industry standards such as Microsoft DNA, OPAC, DE, ODBC, XML, and Active Provides automatic language translation at runtime Allows internationalization using Unicode the tools to configure applications in conformance with the FDA 21 CRY p art 11 Industry Web Studio compliance with US FDA 21 CUFF part 11 Regulation-For food and Beverage Industry Web Studio (IIS) provides application, tools, features and functionality intended to help regulated industries achieve and maintain compliance with 21 CUFF. IIS has sophisticated security features which complemented

Community Health Nursing Essay

A community health worker is one who provides basic community health care services for promotion of health, prevention of illness, simple treatment and rehabilitation. The services utilizes the philosophy, content, method and skills of public health care. While most nurses care for one patient at a time, public health nurses care for entire populations. By working with whole communities, public health nurses are able to educate people about health issues, improve community health and safety and increase access to care. Public health nurses: Monitor health trends and identify health risk factors unique to specific communities. Set local priorities for health-related interventions to provide the greatest benefit to the most people. Advocate with local, state and federal authorities to improve access to health services for underserved communities. Design and implement health education campaigns and disease prevention activities, such as immunizations and screenings. Tell people about locally available health care programs and services to improve access to care. Educate and provide direct health care services to vulnerable and at-risk populations. Public health nurses believe a person’s health is affected by many factors, including genetic makeup, lifestyle and environment. Instead of waiting for patients to come to the hospital with an illness, they go into communities to try and help people improve their health and prevent disease. For people who don’t have access to care, public health nurses may also provide direct health care services, including preventive care, screening services and health education. Health education is a primary focus of public health nurses. Drawing on their training as registered nurses, public health nurses give people reliable, useful information about how to protect their health. In presentations at schools, community groups, senior centers and other local groups, public health nurses explain proper nutrition, demonstrate effective safety practices, promote early detection of common diseases, tell people how to care for  disabled or ill family members and inform people about other important health issues. Their goal is to make health information easy to understand, so people can take greater control over their well-being. In low-income and rural communities, public health nurses also provide critical health care services. They immunize schoolchildren, provide pre-natal and well-baby care and teach the elderly how to stay safe and healthy at home. They also must be able to recognize and respond to potential health crises. B. CARE ENHANCEMENT QUALITIES OF HEALTH WORKERS IN COMMUNITY SETTING 1. Efficient a. Plans with the people, organizes, conducts, direct health education activities according to the needs of the community. b. Knowledgeable about everything relevant to his practice; has the necessary skills expected of him. 2. Good listener a. Hear what’s being said and what’s behind the words. b. Always available for the participant to voice out their sentiments and needs. 3. Keen observer a. Keep an eye on the proceedings, process and participants’ behavior. 4. Systematic a. Knows how to put in sequence or logical order the parts of the session. 5. Creative/Resourceful a. Uses available resources. 6. Analytical/Critical thinker a. Decides on what has been analyzed. 7. Tactful a. Brings about issues in smooth subtle manner. b. Does not embarrass but gives constructive criticisms. 8. Knowledgeable a. Able to impart relevant, updated and sufficient input. 9. Open a. Invites ideas, suggestions, and criticisms. b. Involves people in decision making. c. Accepts need for joint planning and decision relative to health care in a particular situation; not resistant to change. 10. Sense of humor a. Knows how to place a touch of humor to keep audience alive. 11. Change agent a. Involves participants actively in assuming the responsibility for his own learning. 12. Coordinator a. Brings into consonance of harmony the community’s health care activities 13. Objective a. Unbiased and fair in decision making. 14. Flexible a. Able to cope with different situations. C. Unique Characteristics of Community Health Care 1. It’s imperative to remember that you are a guest in the client’s home and the client directs the care being given with the guidance from your clinical expertise. 2. Your nursing practice is driven by the current Regulations and legislation governing Nursing and Home Health Care. You must have an understanding of the Standards of Community Health Nursing. (www.chnac.ca) 3. As a Community Health Nurse you must possess a desire to practice with an attention to detail, critical thinking, excellent assessment and problem solving skills. 4. You must have the flexibility of scheduling to accommodate the client’s needs while still meeting their health care goals. 5. It is imperative to have access to a reliable vehicle to meet the demands of your role and be competent to drive in all weather conditions. 6. As a Community Health Nurse your are the advocate and liaison for the client’s health care goals, as such you will be communicating, directing, and liaising with other health professionals to ensure the client meets the desired outcomes of their care. 7. Community health nurses have strong clinical skills with special attention given to the Nursing Process and the ability to incorporate new technology and technical skills. Excellence in written and verbal communication is imperative. 8. As a Community Health Nurse you must be able to function both as a generalist and a specialist. You must feel confident in competently and proficiently care for a wide range of clinical issues and best practices, examples include: wound care, psychiatry, maternal and child health, pediatrics, foot care, palliative care, chronic disease management, and geriatrics 9. Community Health Nurses have the ability to function autonomously in a non-structured atmosphere and possess self-direction and independence. 10. Community Health Nurses are driven to continuously learn new skills and technology and adapt their education into practice to best meet the client’s needs and goals. 11. As a Community Health Nurse you must possess an acceptance, appreciation and understanding of the diversity of the client’s you service, and must incorporate their values and beliefs in to the care you provide in a non-judgmental, open-minded manner. 12. You must genuinely care for the client’s wellbeing and possess good listening skills. 13. Managing your time and effectively planning you day is imperative to ensure you’re able to meet the needs of your client’s while still maintaining safe practice. 14. Community Health Nurses are able to acknowledge change and know that change is a constant in home health nursing. 15. Community Health Nurses possess a sense of humor. D. FUNCTIONS OF A HEALTH WORKER 1. Community health service provider Carries out health services contributing to the promotion of health, prevention of illness, early treatment of illness and rehabilitation. Appraises health needs and hazards (existing or potential). 2. Facilitator Helps plan a comprehensive health program with the people. Continuing guidance and supervisory assistance. 3. Health counselor Giving appropriate advice and broadening the client’s insight about a problem so that Appropriate decisions are made which can lead to positive resolution of the problem. Provides health counseling including emotional support to individuals, family, group and community. 4. Co-Researcher Provides the community with stimulation necessary for a wider or more complex study of problems. Enforce community to do prompt and intelligent reporting of epidemiologic investigation of diseases. Suggest areas that need research (by creating dissatisfaction) Participate in planning for the study and in formulating procedures. Assist in the collection of data. Help interpret findings collectively. Act on the result of the research- Plan and conduct of nursing and related studies that contribute to the improvement of nursing and health services, either alone or independently, or in collaboration of other members of the health and intersect oral teams. 5. Member of a team In operating within the team, one must be willing to listen as well as to contribute, to teach as well as to learn, to lead as well as to follow, to share authority as well as to work under it. Helps make multiple services which the family receives in the course of health care, coordinated and comprehensive as possible. Consults with and refers to appropriate personnel for any other community services. 6. Health Educator Health education is an accepted activity at all levels of public work. A health educator is the one who improves the health of the people by employing various methods or scientific procedures to stimulate, arouse and guide people to healthful ways of living. She takes into consideration these aspects of health education. Information- provision of knowledge. Education- change in knowledge, attitude and skills. Communication- exchange of information. E. Health Education WHO define Health Education as any combination of learning experiences designed to help individuals and communities improve their health, by increasing their knowledge or influencing their attitudes. Health education is often very visible and tangible (i.e., it’s what most health education  programs are â€Å"known for†), and it may often include educational programs, activities and skill-building group or individual sessions. Health education is part of health promotion, but health promotion is more than health education. Health education has been defined in many ways by different authors and experts. Lawrence Green defined it as â€Å"a combination of learning experiences designed to facilitate voluntary actions conducive to health.† The terms â€Å"combination, designed, facilitate and voluntary action† have significant implications in this definition. Combination: emphasizes the importance of matching the multiple determinants of behavior with multiple learning experiences or educational interventions. Designed: distinguishes health education from incidental learning experiences as systematically planned activity. Facilitate means create favorable conditions for action. Voluntary action means behavioral measures are undertaken by an individual, group or community to achieve an intended health effect without the use of force, i.e., with full understanding and acceptance of purposes. Most people use the term health education and health promotion interchangeably. However, health promotion is defined as a combination of educational and environmental supports for actions and conditions of living conducive to health. F. Nurse as Health Educator Health education is the duty of everyone engaged in health and community development activities. Health Extension Workers are primarily responsible in working with the families and community at a grass root level to promote health and prevent disease through provision of health education. If health and other workers are not practicing health education in their daily work, they are not doing their job correctly. When treating someone with skin infection or malaria, a health worker should also educate the patient about the cause of the illness and teach preventive skills. Drugs alone will not solve the problems. Without Health Education, the patient may fall sick again from the same disease. Health workers must also realize that their own personal example serves to educate others. Role of health educator Talking to the people and listening of their problems.  Thinking of the behavior or action that could cause, cure and prevent these problems. Finding reasons for people’s behaviors.  Helping people to see the reasons for their actions and health problems. Asking people to give their own ideas for solving the problems. Helping people to look as their ideas so that they could see which were the most useful and the simplest to put into practice. Encouraging people to choose the idea best suited to their circumstances. Reference: Marrelli, Tina M. (1997) Handbook of Home Health Orientation, St. Louis, Mosby Home Health Care Practice Page A Day in the Life of a Home Health Care Nurse . Retrieved from: http://www.rnao.org/storage/15/979 practice page home health pdf

Normal Branding Theory - Promoting Brand Identity Essay

Normal Branding Theory - Promoting Brand Identity - Essay Example The behavioural mannerisms of the audiences, both primary and secondary are significant since these shape up the sale of these brands or as exclusively one can state, the marketing of the same. (Jackson, 2004) Brands have overtaken the retail units by storm. They seem to be everywhere. One brand is ‘in’ today and it might just be replaced or cannibalized by its smaller unit every other week. This means that there is a lot of diversification which is taking place and if seen from the competitive standpoint, this is something that boosts competition and gives rise to a healthy one. (Keller, 2003) But then again, there are drawbacks in such a situation. Since how many brands can remain in the awareness set of the consumer that the brand is actually hitting upon? The answer to this is not only confusing but also perplexing to state the least. (Faust, 1994) Further, Douglas (2004) has asserted the way in which brands have attained the position of icons on their own due right and place. They have outsmarted the manner in which other brands are perceived and this is a significant basis for their long-term success within the relevant markets nonetheless. The normal branding theory thus speaks of the ways through which brands are propagated across a number of different channels and whether these communicate the essence of the product in entirety or otherwise. The proliferation of brands in a tremendous amount is a tantamount to serious market activity and shuffling in of brands at a breakneck speed which is all the more pleasing for the market indicators and the business as a whole. The manner in which this proliferation has come about has brought serious and grave concerns on the minds of the people who are in charge of running the whole show but then again it is in direct proportion with the supply and demand theory which we discuss in the coming lines. (Brache, 2007) Brands offer some sort of value to a particular set of audience and it is up to the brand manager and his team that this audience is narrowed down as far as possible.  Ã‚  

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 28

Strategic Management - Essay Example ted and respected models of strategic analysis, including SWOT, Porter’s Five Forces, and even cultural characteristics modelling provided by Geert Hofstede in order to adjust in an evolutionary or systemic philosophy. To build a solid brand reputation and gain market share among competition, KFC must understand its strengths and weaknesses, as well as externally-driven market threats to build a sustainable and marketable strategic position. Without this knowledge, the business will not be able to create productive and long-standing relationships with the very diverse markets in which the business operates. The SWOT analysis is an acronym for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Performing a SWOT analysis is a measure by which a business entity examines both its internal competencies and capabilities aligned with the external market to determine its current strategic position in its market. The basic assumption of the relevancy of the SWOT analysis is that the company can be properly fit within the context of external opportunities and threats by understanding internal resources available (Pearce and Robinson 2011). The SWOT analysis is a framework by which strategic planners are able to make adjustments to the internal organisational structure or reallocate resources to better respond to external market conditions. Porter’s Value Chain is a model that looks at the organisation as a chain of activities that transforms inputs into effective outputs. It is a customer-centric model that views that organisation as being an entity with a set of inter-dependent systems and divisions able to create outputs that customers will perceive as having sustainable value (Pearce and Robinson 2011). There are three ways in which customers perceive the aforementioned value: through activities that provide differentiation of product or services, through activities that lower their costs, and the ability of a company to respond to customer needs rapidly (Thompson,

Partnership With The Patient Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Partnership With The Patient - Essay Example Upon the arrival of the consultant, a CT scan was carried out and came out alright. The respiratory team was as well called to assess the patient.  When the hand-over was done the following day, I was again allocated the patient for continuity of care. The patient’s condition remained the same. The patient’s family was then involved to speak to the patient in mother tongue to see if it was going to help in bringing back patient. The respiratory team did a follow-up and the GCS improved through the involvement of family and healthcare teams. In the process of working with the patient, I was able to develop my understanding of respiration and the procedures of a patient being in the coma.  At about 17:00, the patient came out of the coma, the GCS went back to 14/15 and the neurological observation was fine. Even though the patient was not speaking, I was pleased with the result of the shift worked.  I clean my hands every time I attend to a patient and use the steri lizers to make sure the patient is not infected. This includes thorough cleaning and removing of blood spillages and any other body fluids to ensure the maximum safety of patients. Without cleaning spillages, infections will spread to the patient (Department of Health 2003).  I ensured that every time I cleaned and stored at appropriate place the care equipment so as to also reduce the spread of infections. Equipment is very useful and important. If it not cleaned and kept well, it can put the life of patient at risk (Burnard & Gill 2008). I utilised personal equipment also for protection to prevent infections. To further prevent infections, I ensure that I dispose of any waste during my daily routine of providing healthcare support.  Used linen always spreads infections in most cases and to prevent that, I was extra cautious when removing it and disposing (Naidoo & Wills 2005).  

Enviromental Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Enviromental Change - Essay Example Global warming has many greater effects other than melting ice caps and warmer winters. Its effects are escalating over the years and the climate is changing at a very rapid rate. If things are not changed around the earth is going to be a tough place to subsist in. Not just for us but for most animals and creatures. Global warming may be simply defined as the average increase in the earth's atmospheric temperature. Global temperatures have increased by 0.74 0.18C. This rise in temperature has many effects on the environment.The polar ice caps are melting at a rapid rate and this will lead to a rise in sea level by about 1.3 meters within the next century (Carlson, 2008). For most glaciers worldwide, it is predicted that there will be an average volume loss of 60% by the year 2050 (Schneeberger, 2003). This melting can cause flash floods and overflowing of lakes. The changes in climate is leading to a change in the ecosystem.There will be an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. Places at lower altitudes are at a higher risk from climate change. It is said that there will be lesser rainfall and an increase in the risk of drought in some places, while at some places the rainfall will increase. Global warming has many causes, which are split into two groups, natural causes and man-made or anthropogenic causes. Methane gas is a greenhouse gas and is naturally released from the tundra and wetland regions. A greenhouse gas is one which traps heat in the earths atmosphere. The man-made cause of global warming is basically pollution. Burning and mining of fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal. Minning for fossil fuels releases methane which is found naturally in the earth. Burning of fossil fuels is the major cause of global warming. Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gasses such as CO2. Today cars are the main culprits and are responible for releasing 36% of the total amount of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Everyday cars emmit many tonnes of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere which leads to an increase in global warming. If swift action is not taken soon sceintists fear that there will be catastrophic consequences. Cars are not going to go away. If anything the number of cars are going to increase. "Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR) projections envisions that by 2025, there will have been between 82 and 142 per cent growth in national traffic over 1989 levels. In the UK bus, cycle and rail growth has been essentially stagnant since 1952, according to the DETR figures, but car traffic has increased enormously, from less than 100 billion kilometres a year to 600 billion in 1990(when it began to level off) " (Motavalli, 2001). This increase in cars is leading to an increase in emmisions and so increase in greenhouse gasses which leads to thus car companys are taking an initiative and are developing hybrid cars. A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that uses two or more distinctive power sources. Usually hybrid vehicles use an internal combustion engine along with some another eco-friendly source of power such as electric power. Now

Health Benefits of Alcohol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health Benefits of Alcohol - Essay Example Planning is very crucial for any efficient writing. Effective writing requires adopting risks. Most importantly, an eloquent piece of write displays efficiency in instructional and creative writing. This helps balance the quantity and quality of the writing. An effective author should be able to formulate personal ideas, show flexibility, audacity, and concern for the readers (Tepper 1). Thesis Statement The paper explains in depth of the risks taken by an author while composing the article. Moreover, the paper critically argues to provide an effective summary of article in respect to the use of language and management of risks while writing. Analysis of Article Writers take risks as a way of captivating readers, making their articles more thrilling and more so enhancing the effectiveness of the writing. Risks taken in writing make an article attention grabbing and pleasing to any reader. When an author engages in risk taking while writing an article, he/she explores a new world of d iscoveries, adventure, and opportunities that broaden the author’s potential in making learning a reality. The most important type of risk taken by an author is avoiding the sense of safety. Although not a preferred component in writing, safety is vital while writing. In relation to the article, the author takes the risk of revealing the beneficiaries of alcohol consumption in human life where most of the people know the evil aspects of the same. A writer can chose a highly controversial subject or topic to discuss. This evidences a risk taken by the author. Writing on contentious subject can hoist considerable risks in terms of arguments from the readers about the writer’s opinion or oversight about the article. According to the article, the author risks in writing about a highly debatable topic. Consequently, he goes ahead and dares his viewpoint on the beneficial impact of alcohol to people. Prejudice is another aspect of writing that generates risks. Any article mu st demonstrate both optimistic as well as pessimistic aspects of a chosen issue or subject in order to avoid any misperception or chauvinism. In the article, the author describes both complimentary and inauspicious aspects of alcohol intake. He further describes of the unconventional approaches aimed at improving the people’s standards of living. An outstanding article never comes to a stand on the subject it discusses. It portrays both the good and bad aspects for of the topic for the reader to make the ultimate judgment upon reading the article. Most evidently, in the article, the author does not provide any ruling but on the contrary delivers impartial standpoint about the merits and demerits of alcohol consumption. Arguably, there has been a significant change in language use both in written form and oral use since the 19th century. As new social classes emerge in the 21st century, the desire to utilize written materials and writing materials increases which ultimately le ads to an increased demand of both written and writing material. Any given culture has different societal layers that relate with the several language norms. The three most important of these language norms include the local, standard, and regional language. To present a controversial topic and draw the attention of readers, writers concentrate mainly on standard language (Schallert and Klelman 4). This language would closely to justify debatable topics. However, it calls for personal opinions and facts with evidence to

OXIDATION OF METHIONINE BY SINGLET OXYGEN Essay

OXIDATION OF METHIONINE BY SINGLET OXYGEN - Essay Example Its electron arrangement is different from abundant normal diradical triplet oxygen. Singlet oxygen can be formed from triplet oxygen with the assist of photosensitizers, like Rose Bengal. Such compounds use light to convert triplet into singlet oxygen. Due to low activation energy and its electron configuration singlet oxygen is a highly reactive molecule and can readily form bonds with a number of organic molecules. It is less stable than the normal form of oxygen. However, depending on the environment singlet oxygen has the possibility to exist for more than one hour at room temperature. (Schweitzer, et al., 2003) One of the reactions that singlet oxygen can take part in, is the oxidation of amino acid residues of proteins. Cysteine and methionine residues are particularly susceptible to such forms of oxidation. In contrast to oxidation of other amino acids, this type of oxidation is reversible. Both R- and S-stereoisomers of methionine sulfoxide form as a consequence of methionin e residue oxidation. The reaction can be reversed with the aid of stereospecific methionine sulfoxide reductases which can be found in most cells. The enzyme catalyses the formation of methionine residues from methionine sulfoxide (Carey, et al., 1984). ... (Stadtman, et al., 2005) This work, for example, uses methionine oxidation by singlet oxygen, generated using Rose Bengal and laser as a radiation source. This report is initially focused on describing the key literature associated with oxidation of methionine by singlet oxygen, highlighting relevant for the project issues and arguments, then moving on to presenting the research that has been done so far, making accent on the methods used and results achieved, before finally identifying the existing gaps in the study and setting up a plan for future work. Singlet and triplet oxygen Triplet oxygen is the most stable and abundant form of oxygen. The difference between two forms of oxygen can be seen by comparing the molecular orbitals of both forms (Figure 1). Figure 1: Triplet (left) and singlet (right) form of oxygen. (Min and Lee, 1999) (Frimer, et al., 1985) To define spin states of molecules spin multiplicity is used. It can be described as 2S+1. Here S is the spin quantum number, which is 1 for triplet oxygen. Therefore, the spin multiplicity for triplet oxygen is 3 and it is paramagnetic. Triplet oxygen easily reacts with radicals, but peptides in general and methionine in particular are in the singlet state. Singlet oxygen, in contrast, has different electron configuration in the ?-antibonding orbital. It is a non-radical, electrophilic molecule. The spin quantum number is 0 and multiplicity is 1, these parameters characterise the form of oxygen presented on the Figure 1 as a singlet. It does not follow the Hund’s rule, extremely reactive and 22.5 Kcal/mole higher in energy then triplet oxygen. Five excited states are produced due to electron repulsion. The 1? represents the singlet form which is responsible for the reaction with

Fmla Persuasive Speech Essay Example for Free

Fmla Persuasive Speech Essay THESIS: American families will benefit from Family Security Insurance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: If your like me, youre getting a college degree to not only provide your self with an income, but also to take care your family members in their times of need. STATEMENT OF CREDIBILITY: I have found through researching work and family in the United States, that we as a country are doing a poor job supporting parents, and I have found a policy that I believe would help. PREVIEW OF MAIN POINTS: First, well examine why working families need a better safety net today than working families have in the past, second, well take a look at how current laws are not doing enough to protect families from hardship in the current workforce, and finally, well understand how a modest proposal will make a dramatic difference for the lives of American families. BODY I. Working families need a better safety net in todays workforce. A. The problem is that todays workplaces have not caught up with societal changes. 1.The work-life balance is getting increasingly harder for women because the current economic situation requires two earners. 2.Bankruptcy expert Elizabeth Warren stated that two-incomes are needed to make ends meet for middle class families in a 2006 article for the Social Science Research Council. B. This problem has the consequences that more children and women living in poverty. Elizabeth Warrens 2003 book The Two-Income Trap, she states that having a child is now the single best predictor that a woman will end up in financial collapse. The US Census Bureaus 2011 data show among women who head families, 4 in 10 lived in poverty (up from 38.5 percent in 2009). The child poverty rate, already high at 20.7 percent in 2009, jumped to 22.0 percent last year. More than half of poor children lived in female-headed families in 2010. C. This problem started when health insurance, middle class taxes and housing prices experienced a sharp increase, yet incomes remain flat. 1. Warren illustrates that there is a paradox, because families make more, yet have more money but less income to save. 2.The addition bump in income has placed families in a higher tax bracket giving them another financial burden. The cost of child care is another financial burden. D. This problem has the largest impact on middle class and poor families. 1.Joan C. Williams writes in her 2010 book Reshaping the Work Family Debate that many single mothers are one sick child away from being fired. 2. Elizabeth Warren points out that now, more children will live through their parents bankruptcy than their parents divorce. TRANSITION: Now that I have shown you that working families need a better safety net, let me tell why todays workplaces is placing families in a precarious position. II. Working families are going to workplaces where the current laws dont do enough, and rules still represent the outdated society of the 1960s. A. The current law, Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) doesnt go far enough. 1. Under the current Family and Medical Leave Act, parents are only offered legal protection from getting fired for taking a leave of absence to care for newborn or sick family members. 2. According to a 2010 report from Georgetown University Law Center and the University of California Berkeley, the FMLA protections reach only half the workforce because it excludes small businesses. 3. The FMLA provides protection for workers to take only unpaid leave, which many workers cannot afford. B. Few are advocating for changes in FMLA, so working mothers often quit their jobs when they have a baby or there is a family crisis, which is making America fall behind in the global market place. 1. According to Edward E Gordans 2009 book Winning the Global Talent Showdown a lack of family friendly workplaces is causing a stampede of new mothers out the office door. 2. Gordon concludes that Americas inability to retain talented women is making America less competitive in a global economy. C. Working families today are still working under workplace norms from the 1960s. 1. Joan C Williams notes that in the 1960, only 10 percent of mothers worked and only 10 percent of couples divorced. 2. Today, 70 percent of American children live households where both parents work and 40 percent of couples divorce. 3. Today, many families will end up in economic ruin if only one spouse works. TRANSITION: Finally, since the workplace norms and current laws have not caught up to our changing society, lets look at a policy that could provide some relief to families. III. Working families would benefit greatly from Family Security Insurance (F.S.I.) policy initiative co-authored by researchers at Georgetown University Law Center and the University of California at Berkeley in 2010. A. Family Security Insurance would provide paid leave to both men and women for health and care-giving reasons. The policy could be implemented by the State or Federal Governments The policy would pay a federal minimum wage for up to 18 weeks. a. This pay is taxable, b. We could also provide baby bonus (appox. $5000.) to parents who dont take the leave to offset the cost of child-care. c. This policy has already been implemented in Australia in 2010. B. Lew Daily of Newsweek, Aug 3rd, 2009 published 2007 study from McGill University found that out 173 America is â€Å"among the worst† for supporting families. 1.We stood with only Liberia, Swaziland, and Papua New Guinea as the only countries providing no paid maternity leave. 2. Of all the wealthy countries, excluding ours, parents are entitled to up to 47 weeks of maternity leave. 3. Australias 2011 Paid Leave Scheme is the most modest; least costly of all industrialized nations family leave acts. C. Some would argue that implementing a broader family leave act would hurt businesses. 1. A broader family leave act will lead to better business outcome. 2. It would retain talented workers who have families. Paid time off for sick employees would aid in full recovery causing less chronic conditions saving businesses money on healthcare. 4 Recent research at Georgetown University Law Center and U of C Berkeley found parents receiving paid leave to care for a new born came back to work afterward and were more productive overall. D. How to help Washington State lead the way with Family Security Insurance. 1. Write your congresswoman, Jaime Herrera Beutler, expressing your concern for the families of Washingtons 3rd district. 2. Raise awareness by talking to your friends and family. 3. Call your parents and say thank you for whatever choices they have made to get you here. CONCLUSION REVIEW OF MAIN POINTS: Today, we have first examined why working families need a better safety net in the current workplace, second we have looked at how the current laws are not doing enough to protect families in 2012 from financial hardship , and finally we understand how a modest proposal could go a long way toward making American families more secure.

Introduction Of Cyber Ethics Information Technology Essay

Introduction Of Cyber Ethics Information Technology Essay The extensive availability of computers and Internet connections provides unprecedented opportunities to communicate and learn. Unfortunately the most people use the internet as a powerful and useful tool for communication and education, some individuals use the power of the internet for criminal or terrorist purposes. It is minimize the harm that such individuals do by learning ourselves, and training young people, how to use the Internet safely and responsibly. The word cyber ethics refers to a code of safe and responsible behavior for the Internet community. Practicing good cyber ethics involves understanding the risks of harmful and illegal behavior online and learn how to protect ourselves, and other Internet users, from such behavior. It also involves teaching young people that may not realize the possible for harm to themselves and others, that use the Internet safely and responsibly. For example at an near the beginning age, children learn what it means to be honest, and to r espect the rights and property of others. They are trained to not take what does not belong to them, and to be understanding of others. On the internet that is same basic rules apply to person. The information and relations below offer guidance and property for parents and educators and for young people so that they can develop good cyber ethics, and to get the most out of the exciting new world of the internet.  ¿Ã‚ ½ School work use the internet to help you do your school work. The internet is the worlds biggest library. User can find information on about any subject from science, math and technology to language, art, history and more. When use information photos and other materials that you find on the internet in homework or research projects, make sure that user identify the sources of the information in foot notes, just as user would if used books in school library to get the information. Dont copy information from the internet and call it your own. It is sometimes tempting to copy information from the internet into your schoolwork, and toward present it as your own work. That is dishonest, just like taking somebody elses jacket and calling it your own and it might be illegal too. Much of the information like pictures and other materials on the internet are copy righted which means that is belongs to someone else. If users take it without permission, or without identifying the source in a foot note that user are breaking the law.  ¿Ã‚ ½ Music, video, games and copyrights use the internet to study about music, video and games. There are many websites that user can find out about music by listening to sample tracks, sample movie videos, and be trained about new computer games. Dont use the internet to download or share copyrighted material. When something is copyrighted, it means that someone else owns it, and user cannot copy or share out it without their permission. It is dishonest and illegal to download copyright music, video, games or other materials. It is also dishonest and illegal to share copyrighted music, video, games or other materials over the internet.  ¿Ã‚ ½ Email and instant messaging use the internet to communicate with friends and family. Email and instant messaging (IM) are good, enjoyable ways to communicate with your friends and your family. For all time make sure that recognize the people with whom exchange email and IM. Dont use the internet to communicate with the strangers. Do not use email or IM to talk to strangers. They might not be who they say they are, and if they are not, they are not nice people. Dont present out your email or IM address to people you dont know either online or in person. Dont open email or email attachments from people dont know. unwanted email may contain viruses that will damage your computer and the information on it. Dont make up to be someone else. Just as you dont want others to cover their true identity with they email or IM dont imagine to be someone else when user online. Dont be rude or use bad language when use email or IM, be thoughtful of others. Dont be rude, mean or use bad language wouldnt do that in real life, and you shouldnt do it on the internet also. Dont give anybody personal information or passwords. Dont tell people, especially strangers, more about them self than user would if met them in person. Dont tell them that seem like, user age, where user live, user phone number, the school of user goes to, or any passwords that protect user computer or user private information.  ¿Ã‚ ½ For Parents Dont leave children to unverified people. Make confident that user know what sites children visit when theyre on the internet, and with whom theyre communicating on the internet. Look over their shoulder. Stay track of the websites they visit. There are websites and programs available that direct children to sites that are fun, interesting and appropriate and there are others that limit their browsing to suitable websites. The best control though is parental involvement. Make confident they understand acceptable behavior on the internet and make confident that they follow the rules. Do encourage the children to use the internet. The internet has lots good things to offer children. When used cleverly it is a great tool for information assembly and education and, via email and instant messaging, for practicing written communication. BACKGROUND RESEARCH WHAT IS CYBER ETHICS Cyber ethics is different from cyber law. Laws are formal written information that applies to every person, interpreted by judicial system, and forced by the police. Ethics is an open rational concept that goes away from simple right and wrong, and look toward the good life. Cyber ethics refers to the rules of responsible behavior on the internet. Responsibly in everyday life, with lessons for example don ¿Ã‚ ½t take what doesn ¿Ã‚ ½t belong to you and do not hurt others. The responsible of user is: 1. Don ¿Ã‚ ½t use rude or hateful language. 2. Don ¿Ã‚ ½t be a bully on the Internet. Do not call people names, lie about them, send uncomfortable pictures of them, or do anything else to try to hurt them. 3. Do not copy information from the Internet and maintain it as yours. That is called plagiarism. 4. Stay to copyright limits when downloading material including software, games, movies, or music from the Internet 5. Don ¿Ã‚ ½t break into someone else ¿Ã‚ ½s computer 6. Don ¿Ã‚ ½t use someone else ¿Ã‚ ½s password. 7. Don ¿Ã‚ ½t challenge to infect or in any way try to make someone else ¿Ã‚ ½s computer unusable. THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF CYBER ETHICS 1. Thou shall not use a computer to hurt other people. 2. Thou shall not interfere with other peoples computer work. 3. Thou shall not spy around in other peoples computer files. 4. Thou shall not use a computer to steal. 5. Thou shall not use a computer to allow false witness. 6. Thou shall not copy or use proprietary software for which you have not paid. 7. Thou shall not use other peoples computer resources without authorization or proper compensation. 8. Thou shall not appropriate other peoples intellectual production. 9. Thou shall think about the social consequences of the program you are writing or the system you are designing. 10) Thou shall always use a computer in ways that make sure kindness and respect for fellow humans. THE TERM OF CYBER ETHICS Cyber ethics is the moral, legal, and social issues relating to cyber technology. It examines the impact that cyber technology has for social, legal, and moral systems. It also evaluates the social policies and laws that have been framed in reply to issues generated by the development and use of cyber technology. There is a joint relationship here. Cyber ethics is a more perfect label than computer ethics, which may suggest the study of ethical issues incomplete to computing machines, or to computing professionals. It is more perfect than internet ethics which are limited only to ethical issues have an effect on computer networks. APPLIED CYBER ETHICS HAVE 3 DIFFERENT 1. Professional Ethics 2. Philosophical Ethics 3. Descriptive Ethics The first different is Professional Ethics is cyber ethics is the field that identifies and analyzes issues of ethical responsibility for the computer professionals. Think about a computer professionals responsibility in designing, developing, and maintaining computer hardware and software systems. Assume a programmer discovers that a software creation that has been working on is about to be released for sale to the public even though it is imperfect because it contains buggy software. The second is cyber ethics is a field of philosophical responsibility in designing, developing, and maintaining computer hardware and software systems. The analysis of the nature and social impact of computer technology and the corresponding formulation and justification of policies for the ethical use of the such technology. Philosophical ethics have three stages first is identify a particular controversial carry out as a moral problem. Second stage Describe and analyze the problem by clarifying conce pts in addition to investigative the factual data associated with that problem. The third stage is apply moral theories and values to reach a position about the particular moral issue. The third different is a field of descriptive ethics that the professional and accepting perspectives both illustrate normative investigation into practical ethics issues. Normative analysis or studies are contrasted with expressive studies. Descriptive investigations statement about what is the case normative investigation evaluates situations from the vantage-point of the question.

Essay --

Favorite Writer Soujanya Mulastam R.K.Naryana was considered as a "Trio of Indo Anglian Novels" R.K.Narayana was a famous Indian Writer born in Chennai on October 10 1906. His novels attracted all the people and among them â€Å"Malgudi Days† brought him big fame. His father was a school Head Master in Government Educational Service in Chennai. Narayan completed his education in chennai and Mysore. He was very studious and had a habit of learning English Literature, he was a good reader and his literature included the famous one like Dickens, Wodehouse, Arthur conan Doyle. R.K Narayan wrote many stories and in total he wrote 64 and published them. He was a great human and his stories included good Humor and roles related to the Ordinary People. He was born and brought up in Chennai at his Grand Mothers place. He completed his 8 years of Schooling at Lutheran Mission School in Madras at her Grand Mothers Place and moved to Mysore to complete his remaining High School Education. He used to visit his parents and Siblings in holidays to spend some time with them. He completed his graduation from â€Å"University of Mysore.† After his completion of Education, he started his carrier as a writer at Madras Paper and later on decided to write his first story called â€Å"Swamy and Friends† in 1935. He married other caste girl Rajam in 1935 and broke his family Tradition. In person he was very good human, his wife died in year 1939 after giving birth to girl called Hema, Narayan was very dedicated to his wife and decided not to marry after the death of his wife. In the beginning his stories were rejected and not allowed for the publication, even though he never disappointed and finally released his first book in year 1935 called â€Å"Swamy and Frien... ...ndia accessible to the outside world using his literature. He grabbed the attention of common people in his stories. He was considered as one of the best Novelist in India. He brought the characters of normal people into his stories and this made the story fictional, his characters resembles Mahatma, Sadhu and Sanyasi. His novels in his stories are like the characters related to next door neighbors. Many Novels are Considered River Novels and many of novels interlinked with Malgudi Days. References: 1.) http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/rk-narayan.html 2.) http://bestindianwriters.blogspot.com/2010/10/rk-narayanan-history.html 3.) http://www.infoplease.com/ipea/A0900620.html 4.) http://www.penguinbooksindia.com/en/content/rk-narayan 5.) http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/14/books/r-k-narayan-india-s-prolific-storyteller-dies-at-94.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm

William Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew Essay examples -- Shakes

William Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew Over the past 400 or so years since Shakespeare wrote _The Taming of the Shrew_, many writers, painters, musicians and directors have adapted and reformed this play of control and subjugation into timeless pieces of art. In _10 Things I Hate About You_ and Kiss Me Kate from two very different times in the twentieth century, and paintings of Katherina and Bianca from the late nineteenth century, the creators of these adaptations have chosen to focus on the role of the two main female characters in the play. The ideas surrounding these women have changed through the years, from Katherina and Bianca simply being young women who deviated from the norm of Shakespeare’s time to women who embody feminist ideals and stereotypes of the more modern world. From the beginning of the play, the differences between Katherina and Bianca are highlighted through their interactions via dialogue. Early in the second act, Bianca pleads with her sister to not â€Å"make a bondmaid and a slave of me† because, as deemed by society, Bianca is not supposed to marry before her older sister (2.1.2). Bianca asks Katherina to â€Å"unbind [her] hands† so that she can get rid of all the gawdy implements she is forced to wear as a polite woman of the time, because if she doesn’t want to follow one rule, she doesn’t see why she should follow any of them (2.1.4). This immediately sets up these two sisters by showing how one depends on the status of the other to be truly happy, or happy as deemed by the doctrines of society anyway. Katherina rebuts this whining after their father enters, and ends the scene with her own speech in which she argues that Nay, now I see She is your treasure, she must have a husband; I mus... ... About You_.† Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism and Scholarship 22.2 (2004): 45-66. Expanded Academic ASAP. Westfield State College Library, MA. 15 April 2005. 15 April 2005. Ostlere, Hilary. â€Å"Taming The Musical.† Dance Magazine 73.12 (1999): 84. Expanded Academic ASAP. Westfield State College Library, MA. 15 April 2005. Schneider, Gary. â€Å"The Public, the Private, and the Shaming of the Shrew.† SEL Studies in English Literature 1500-1900 42.2 (2002): 235-258. Project Muse. Westfield State College Library, MA. 15 April 2005. Schuler, Robert M. â€Å"Bewitching The Shrew.† Texas Studies in Literature and Language 46.4 (2004): 387-431. Project Muse. Westfield State College Library, MA. 15 April 2005. Shakespeare, William. _The Taming of the Shrew_. The Riverside Shakespeare. 2nd ed. Ed. Dean Johnson. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997. 142-171.

Baseball and Females :: Sports Expository Essays

Baseball and Females The legendary game of baseball, the roar of the crowd, the crack of the bat, the hot dogs and peanuts, and most of all the excitement. America's pastime has had a long history filled with great moments, heroic players, and breakthroughs in our modern society. It all started in 1869 when the first professional baseball team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings took the field. They were all male and would eventually be known as the first boys of summer. The first professional girls team was created six years later which in turn grew into more women's teams, but was overshadowed by the growing men's leagues and they eventually dwindled and faded away. The women knew they could play and compete at a level as high or higher than their counterparts and throughout the 20th century proved this by developing successful women's leagues and teams. These were strong determined women who believed in themselves and proved to the world that they were the girls of summer. In 1870's women could not vote or own property, but they could play baseball. In 1875 the first professional girls baseball team was created. They wore uniforms that weighed almost thirty pounds, consisting of floor length skirts, underskirts, a long-sleeved high-necked blouse, and high button shoes. In the 1890's Amelia Bloomer developed a more practical uniform and in her honor the "Bloomer Girls" teams were created. The Bloomer Girls teams rarely played each other, but traveled across America challenging local town, semi-pro, and minor league men's teams. The Bloomer Girls won on frequent occasions, playing competitive ball. These teams gave women an excellent opportunity for employment, travel and adventure for anyone who could hit, field, slide, or catch. The Bloomer girls would eventually dwindle and disappear in 1934, and be replaced by professional softball teams. It was a less competitive game with shorter base paths, a bigger ball, no stealing, and underhand pitching. In 1943 a man by the name of Phillip Wrigley received word from President Roosevelt that the Major League Baseball season would be suspended due to the manpower shortage caused by World War II. Phillip Wrigley wanted to keep baseball going through the wartime, and joined forces with several small town entrepreneurs and created the first official baseball league for women called the All American Girls Baseball League (AAGBL). Thirty scouts were hired to start looking for the best softball players all over the United States. Baseball and Females :: Sports Expository Essays Baseball and Females The legendary game of baseball, the roar of the crowd, the crack of the bat, the hot dogs and peanuts, and most of all the excitement. America's pastime has had a long history filled with great moments, heroic players, and breakthroughs in our modern society. It all started in 1869 when the first professional baseball team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings took the field. They were all male and would eventually be known as the first boys of summer. The first professional girls team was created six years later which in turn grew into more women's teams, but was overshadowed by the growing men's leagues and they eventually dwindled and faded away. The women knew they could play and compete at a level as high or higher than their counterparts and throughout the 20th century proved this by developing successful women's leagues and teams. These were strong determined women who believed in themselves and proved to the world that they were the girls of summer. In 1870's women could not vote or own property, but they could play baseball. In 1875 the first professional girls baseball team was created. They wore uniforms that weighed almost thirty pounds, consisting of floor length skirts, underskirts, a long-sleeved high-necked blouse, and high button shoes. In the 1890's Amelia Bloomer developed a more practical uniform and in her honor the "Bloomer Girls" teams were created. The Bloomer Girls teams rarely played each other, but traveled across America challenging local town, semi-pro, and minor league men's teams. The Bloomer Girls won on frequent occasions, playing competitive ball. These teams gave women an excellent opportunity for employment, travel and adventure for anyone who could hit, field, slide, or catch. The Bloomer girls would eventually dwindle and disappear in 1934, and be replaced by professional softball teams. It was a less competitive game with shorter base paths, a bigger ball, no stealing, and underhand pitching. In 1943 a man by the name of Phillip Wrigley received word from President Roosevelt that the Major League Baseball season would be suspended due to the manpower shortage caused by World War II. Phillip Wrigley wanted to keep baseball going through the wartime, and joined forces with several small town entrepreneurs and created the first official baseball league for women called the All American Girls Baseball League (AAGBL). Thirty scouts were hired to start looking for the best softball players all over the United States.

Change Management Simulation Essay

As CEO and founder of Spectrum Sunglass Company, I want to bring a change in the company that can make the company and its products more environmentally sustainable. To do that, I need to convince 20 managers at Spectrum to adopt my initiative in 96 weeks. And I used 85 weeks to reach that goal. Here’s what I did. At the beginning, I want to let them be aware of this initiative as soon as possible, so my first 3 choices are to issue e-mail notice, walk the talk and hold town hall meetings,and I thought that would be a good way to start. But result is not good at all, no one seems to be affected, at that moment I noticed how difficult it is to bring a change into the company, no one wants to move from their confortable position, and they would pay no attention to what I said, I need put more devotion into it. After wasting 5 weeks, I start to conduct private interviews with 4 top managers to let them know this change project and to see what their opinions, the first conduct makes 6 people enter the awareness stage, and I got 4 different opinions. Then I spend week 6 to get consultant’s support and makes one person into the interest stage, because sometimes outside experts can gain the attention of organizational member better than internal authorities can. At week 8, I privately confronted the resister Andrew Chen who is the general counsel of the company, trying to persuade him since he plays such an important role in the company, but I failed, I think it is because I still have nothing to show him that I’m right, maybe after a short-term win of this change he may change his mind. At week 9, I conducted private interviews and got 5 people enter the awareness stage and 1 person enters the interest stage. And at week 10, I told a â€Å"success† story to 3 people, because I think the example of other companies that benefit from sustainability would make them interest in this project, and it turned out to make 1 person enter the interest stage and 1 person enters trial stage. Then I used private interviews and â€Å"success† stories alternatively though week 11 to week 15, because both of them took only one week to complete, so this would be the most efficient way to lead people into the awareness stage and make this awareness into interest, it turned out that I’m right and I successfully bring 9 people into awareness stage and 6 people into interest stage. And so far all 20 managers have been aware of this change project. At Week 16, I provided internal skill- building to show those who are willing to change the way to adopt this project, and I made 1 person enter the trial stage. At week 18 I decided to issue an e-mail notice, by now they should pay some attention to the context of this e-mail, and it made 1 person entered the interest stage. At week 19, I conducted a pilot project, hoping to achieve a short-term win that can nourish faith in the change efforts, and the results are that 1 person entered the interest stage, 1 person entered the trail stage and first person entered the adoption stage. At week 25, I conduct private interviews again and made 1 person enter the interest stage. And week 26, I privately confront resister Pal D’Arcy hoping that he may change his mind, but he didn’t. At week 27, I walked the talk and show them the actions aligned with the change initiative, and make 3 people enter the interest stage and 4 people enter the trial stage. At week 29, I recognized an adopter and hoping this would have an influence on others, but it only made one person enter the interest stage. At week 32, I provided external skill-building and made one trainee enter the trial stage and one enter the adoption stage. At week 36 I hold town hall meetings to communicate the change vision, and it made 3 people into the interest stage and 3 people into the trial stage. At week 38, I post progress reports and made 1 person into the trial stage. From week 39 to week 45, I choose to build a coalition of support and recognized an adopter, because I think it would bring the coalition members, the adopter and their friends into adoption stage, however, it affected no one, the reason is still unknown. At week 46, privately confronting resister still didn’t work. At Week 47, I told a â€Å"success† story again and made 1 person enter the adoption stage. At Week 48, I announced goals and deadlines to provide a target to aim for, but no one was affected, goals and deadlines may be to early to set. At week 52, I decided to walk the talk again, and got 2 people enter the trial stage and 4 people enter the adoption stage, the visible actions really worked. At week 55, I post progress reports to all, and made 2 people enter the trial stage. From week 56 to week 62, I conducted private interviews and pilot project but didn’t work. At week 63, I clarify organization values and made 1 person enter the trial stage and 8 people into the adoption stage, this is a big achieve, and I believe a change sticks when it melt into the company’s culture. At week 71, I tried to hold town hall meetings to make the last 4 people adopt but I failed. At week 73, I revise reward system to stimulate them and success at week 85. It took me 85 weeks to successfully convince all 20 managers to adopt this change, less than 96 weeks, so I think I’m a qualified change agent. However, I also take a lot of invalid actions and wasted a lot of time, so I’m not that efficient. If I can do it all over again, I will begin with private interviews, and avoid the invalid actions (though I still have no idea why some of these actions have no affect on any managers), and I will take the relationship network in to consideration when I make choice. I’m sure the result would be much better. This change management simulation and readings of 5 articles taught me a lot as a change agent in a company. First of all, I find that making a change happen is much more difficult than I thought, we all want benefits of change, but we are afraid of failure, so we prefer to stand at the comfortable position and refuse to move forward. As a change agent, I much help others to overcome these difficulties. To do that, I must understand the heart of change first. People will not be changed by what they are told, they can only be changed by what they believe, so I must find a right way to make them believe in this change initiative. And there are 8 steps I learned and used in this simulation. First is to create a sense of urgency, in the simulation I conducted private interviews with every one of 19 managers, trying to make them have this feeling of urgency. Second is to form a guiding team, in the simulation, I tried to approach those who are positive about this change first, and then pulled some of them as a guiding team. Then creating clear, simple visions and strategies. And the fourth one is to communicate the visions through simple messages, e-mail is a good way of communication in the simulation, but first I need to make them read and think about the e-mail I sent. The fifth is to empower people by removing obstacles to the vision, like providing internal and external skill-building in the simulation. The sixth one is to create short-term win, like conducting pilot project in the simulation, and this made people be more faithful about this change project and may change the resister’s mind. The seventh one is to maintain momentum, this is achieved by revise the reward system that encourage people to change in the simulation. The last one is to make change stick, and the best way to do that is to make this changed value be a part of culture of companies, like restructuring organization in simulation. I did the change management simulation as the CEO of the company, so the high authority in the company and good credit among the employees help me a lot to success. I think there would be more challenge if I were just a normal manager in the company.

Soil Behaviour and Geotechnical Modelling

(a) Discuss advantages and limitations of Duncan and Chang's model. Duncan and Chang's model assumes a hyperbolic stress-strain relation and was developed based on triaxial soil tests. The original model assumes a constant Poisson's ratio while the revised model accommodates the variation of Poisson's ratio by means of stress-dependent Poisson's ratio or stress-dependent bulk modulus. The Duncan-Chang model is advantageous in analyzing many practical problems and is simple to set up with standard triaxial compression tests. When tri-axial test results are not available, model parameters are also abundantly available in literatures. It is a simple yet obvious enhancement to the Mohr-Coulomb model. In this respect, this model is preferred over the Mohr-Coulomb model. However, it has its limitations, including, (i) the intermediate principal stress s2 is not accounted for; (ii) results may be unreliable when extensive failure occurs; (iii) it does not consider the volume change due to changes in shear stress (shear dilatancy); (iv) input parameters are not fundamental soil properties, but only empirical values for limited range of conditions. (v) the model is mainly intended for quasi-static analysis. (b) Discuss advantages and limitations of Yin and Graham's KGJ model. Yin and Graham's KGJ model is formed using data from isotropic consolidation tests and consolidated undrained triaxial tests with pore-water pressure measurement. It provides functional expressions for , , , and relationships in soils. In Duncan and Chang's model for triaxial stress conditions: may cause volume strain ( dilation and compression) may cause shear strain. Whereas Yin and Graham's KGJ model: Thus the volume change and shear strain was taken into account, which is an improvement to Duncan and Chang's model. The limitation of Yin and Graham's KGJ model may exist in the determination of the parameter and the complexity of its calculation. (c) Discuss the differences between elastic models and hypo-elastic models. For soils, the behaviour depend on the stress path followed. The total deformation of such materials can be decomposed into a recoverable part and an irrecoverable part. Hypoelasticity constitutes a generalized incremental law in which the behaviour can be simulated from increment to increment rather than for the entire load or stress at a time. In hypoelasticity, the increment of stress is expressed as a function of stress and increment of strain. The Hypoelastic concept can provide simulation of constitutive behaviour in a smooth manner and hence can be used for hardening or softening soils. Hypoelastic models can be considered as modification of linear elastic models. However, it may incrementally reversible, with no coupling between volumetric and deviatoric responses and is path-independent. 5.2 Use sketches to explain the physical (geometric) meaning of all 7 parameters (only 5 independent) in a cross-anisotropic elastic soil model (). Figure 5.1 Parameters in cross-anisotropic elastic model – Young's modulus in the depositional direction; – Young's modulus in the plane of deposition ; – Poisson's ratio for straining in the plane of deposition due to the stress acting in the direction of deposition; – Poisson's ratio for straining in the direction of deposition due to the stress acting in the plane of deposition; – Poisson's ratio for straining in the plane of deposition due to the stress acting in the same plane; – Shear modulus in the plane of the direction of deposition; – Shear modulus in the plane of deposition. Due to symmetry requirements, only 5 parameters are independent. Assignment 6 (Lecture 6 – Elasto-plastic behaviour): 6.1 (a) Explain and discuss (i) yield, (ii) yield criterion, (iii) potential surface, (iv) flow rule, (v) normality, (vi) consistency condition. (i) The yield strength or yield point of a material is defined in engineering and materials science as the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically. Prior to the yield point the material will deform elastically and will return to its original shape when the applied stress is removed. Once the yield point is passed some fraction of the deformation will be permanent and non-reversible. In the uniaxial situations the yield stress indicates the onset of plastic straining. In the multi-axial situation it is not sensible to talk about a yield stress. Instead, a yield function is defined which is a scalar function of stress and state parameters. (ii) A yield criterion, often expressed as yield surface, or yield locus, is an hypothesis concerning the limit of elasticity under any combination of stresses. There are two interpretations of yield criterion: one is purely mathematical in taking a statistical approach while other models attempt to provide a justification based on established physical principles. Since stress and strain are tensor qualities they can be described on the basis of three principal directions, in the case of stress these are denoted by , and . (iii) Potential surface is the segment of a plastic potential surface plotted in principal stress space, as shown in Figure 6.1 (a). A two dimensional case was shown in Figure 6.1 (b). (iv) Flow rule: – a scalar multiplier; – plastic potential function; {} – location of surface (a vector), not in the final equation Figure 6.1 Plastic potential presentation (v) Assuming the plastic potential function to be the same as the yield function as a further simplification: The incremental plastic strain vector is then normal to the yield surface and the normality condition is said to apply. (vi) Having defined the basic ingredients of an elasto-plastic constitutive model, a relationship between incremental stresses and incremental strains then can be obtained. When the material is plastic the stress state must satisfy the yield function. Consequently, on using the chain rule of differentiation, gives: This equation is known as the consistency equation or consistency condition. (b) Explain and discuss the associate flow rule and non-associate flow rule and how the two rules affect the volumetric deformation and the bearing capacity of a strip footing on sand. Sometimes simplification can be applied by assuming the plastic potential function to be the same as the yield function (i.e. ). In this case the flow rule is said to be associated. The incremental plastic strain vector is then normal to the yield surface and the normality condition is said to apply. In the general case in which the yield and plastic potential functions differ (i.e. ), the flow rule is said to be non-associated. If the flow rule is associated, the constitutive matrix is symmetric and so is the global stiffness matrix. On the other hand, if the flow rule is non-associated both the constitutive matrix and the global stiffness matrix become non-symmetric. The inversion of non-symmetric matrices is much more costly, both of storage and computer time. As noted, it occurs in a special class of plasticity in which the flow rule is said to be associated. Substitution of a symmetric for all elements in a finite element mesa, into the assembly process, results in a symmetric global stiffness matrix. For the general case in which the flow rule is non-associated and the yield and plastic potential functions differ, the constitutive matrix is non-symmetric. When assembled into the finite element equations this results in a non- symmetric global stiffness matrix. The inversion of such a matrix is more complex and requires more computing resources, both memory and time, than a symmetric matrix. Some commercial programs are unable to deal with non-symmetric global stiffness matrices and, consequently, restrict the typo of plastic models that can be accommodated to those which have an associated flow rule. (c) Explain plastic strain hardening and plastic work hardening or softening. The state parameters, , are related to the accumulated plastic strains . Consequently, if there is a linear relationship between and so that then on substitution, along with the flow rule, the unknown scalar,, cancels and A becomes determinant. If there is not a linear relationship between and , the differential ratio on the left hand side of the above equation is a function the plastic strains and therefore a function of . When substituted, along with the flow rule given, the A's do not cancel and A becomes indeterminate. It is then not possums to evaluate the []. In practice all strain hardening/ softening models assume a linear relationship between the state parameters and the plastic strains . In this type of plasticity the state parameters}, are related to the accumulated plastic work, ,which is dependent on the plastic strains it can be shown, following a similar argument to that parented above for strain hardening/softening plasticity, that as long as there is a linear relationship between the state parameters }, and the plastic work, , the parameter defined becomes independent of the unknown scalar, , send therefore is determinant. If the relationship between and is not linear, become a function of and it is not possible to evaluate the constitutive matrix. 6.2 Show steps to derive the elastic plastic constitutive matrix [] in (6.16). The incremental total strains can be split into elastic and plastic , componets. The incremental stress, are related to the incremental elastic strains, by the elastic constitutive matrix: Or alternatively Combining gives The incremental plastic strains are related to the plastic potential function, via the flow rule. This can be written as Substituting gives When the material is plastic the stress state must satisfy the yield function. Consequently, which, on using the chain rule of differentiation. This equation is known as the consistency equation. It can be rearranged to give Combining, we can get Where Substituting again So that 6.3 The dimension of a slope is shown in Figure 6.2. Calculate the factor of safety of the following cases: (a) Without tension crack, the properties of Soil (1) are kPa, , kN/m3; The properties of Soil (2) are kPa, , kN/m3 (no water table). (b) With tension crack filled with water, repeat the calculation in (a). (c) Without tension crack, the properties of Soil (1) are kPa, , kN/m3 (below water table) and kN/m3 (above water table); the properties of Soil (2) are kPa, , kN/m3 (below water table) and kN/m3 (above water table). Water table is shown. Figure 6.2 Dimension of the slope and water table (a) Figure 6.3 Model without tension crack or water table Factor of Safety: 1.498 Figure 6.4 Results without tension crack or water table Figure 6.5 Slice 1 – Morgenstern-Price Method (b) Figure 6.6 Model with tension crack filled with water Figure 6.7 Results with tension crack filled with water The safety factor : 1.406 Figure 6.8 Slice 1 – Morgenstern-Price Method (c) Figure 6.9 Model without tension crack but with water table Figure 6.10 Results without tension crack but with water table Factor of Safety: 1.258 Figure 6.11 Slice 1 – Morgenstern-Price Method

Great Gatsby: Weddings and Social Occasions

Ruby DeFelice 11/14/12 Pd. 2 Mr Brennan Lavish parties are abundant all throughout the novel The Great Gatsby. Luxurious bashes thrown by Jay Gatsby attract the â€Å"foul dust† of East and West egg like moths to a lamp. Those in attendance at Gatsby's parties tend to be the elite scum of the earth caring for no one and nothing except their own personal social reputations. Two occasions are particularly relevant to the development of the novel; the consistently present soirees and Gatsby's funeral together illuminate the realities of the attendees values, develop the readers empathy towards Gatsby, and help uncover a deeper moral.Hundreds of wealthy fools show up at Gatsby's mansion prepared for a fun filled night of drinking and inebriated antics. Night after night people come to Gatsby's, their generous host, trash his house, drink his alcohol and have a grand old time. One would think Gatsby is a well liked man with many friends and loved ones, at least thats what his popul ar parties allude. Yet no one in attendance seems to know who Gatsby really is at all. Guests in Gatsby's house, not even knowing who the man is, twitter rumors about him all night never really knowing the truth, never really caring to know.Gatsby's life is full of people who use him, in other words his life is empty, a fact we don't fully understand the severity of until his funeral. At Gatsby's funeral we discover how alone he really was. Of all of the guests floating in and out of Gatsby's parties, taking advantage of his hospitality, only one cares to show up at his funeral. Even Daisy the woman Gatsby had created his illusionary life for is to self absorbed to make an appearance.The lack of company at Gatsby's funeral infer the carelessness and self absorption of the elite East and West egg citizens. One man even has the audacity to call Nick, our protagonist, a day before Gatsby's funeral looking for his tennis shoes! Of course he cant make it to the funeral of his once genero us host because of prior picnic plans! The sad truth of Gatsby's lonesomeness and the leeches that took advantage of him finalize their appearance during his funeral and cause the reader to succumb to a strong empathetic attitude toward the late Jay Gatsby.Through Gatsby's parties and his funeral emerges a deeper meaning of human hope. Gatsby believed in the green light of the future, the light that although you may never reach will always be there beckoning to you. Gatsby is alone from the start and in the end dies alone, even the one person he cares most about, his â€Å"green light†, doesn’t seem to care enough to show at his funeral. Gatsby's dream fails, but even the terribly sad and lonely life he led couldn’t stop him from trying to reach his dream until the bitter end.

Marketing Mix Essay

Broadly speaking, in order to maximise profits, different firms use distinct tools to perform strategy and decisions, such as SWOT analysis, PESTEL analysis and marketing mix analysis. In terms of the marketing mix, as an important concept in the subject of business studies, it refers to â€Å"a balance between the four main elements of marketing [is] needed to carry out the marketing strategy. It consists of the ‘4ps’: product, price, promotion and place† (MarcouseÃŒ  and Surridge et al., 2011:141). Firms can build an effective marketing strategy by using the marketing mix as a tool, and it is possible that business will fail if the marketing mix is not correct. The aim of the essay is to analyse elements of the marketing mix. Initially, it will discuss four elements, which are the product, price, place and promotion respectively. Then, it will evaluate the most vital component in the marketing mix, which is the product. The first component of the marketing mix is the product. â€Å"A product is a good or service produced by a business or organization, and made available to the public for consumption† (Ashwin and Merrills et al., 2008). Each product has a different feature, which could be the unique selling points of them. Roams and Cota (2008:152) attempt to define this term is, â€Å"A unique selling point (USP) is a short statement that explains why a customer should buy from you instead of your competitorsin†. For example, Apple Corporation has a unique and independent operation system for their iPhone. It has been argued that there are three levels of product, first of which is core or generic product (Levitt, 1986:361). This is the basic and general physical product, in other words, it is the product that has minimum features and the consumer would expect it to have. In a microwave oven example, it should have enough space inside to put food and it would be expected to work effectively. The second level of the product is known as actual or tangible product. This is, touchable and physical property of the product. Young (2008:130) suggests this level of product will contain the product’s name, style, brand name, label, packaging and quality level. This level of product provides a material and a clearer image of the product to customers. The next and last level is called augmented product. Leader and Kyritsis (1990:12) explain this product provides privileges and additional services to the consumer; it also can reflect the differentiation of the product. For instance, services such as free delivery, discounts and additional purchases. The second element of the marketing mix is price. There are two main factors can determine the price of product, which is price elasticity and pricing strategy respectively. Blythe (2012:154) examines the elasticity of demand will illustrate that different categories have different extent of sensitivity when the price changes. Consequently, it could help firms make a better decision when they set the price. Thompson and Machin (2003:65) support that, â€Å"a business must know how responsive their products are to price changes so that they can assess the potential impact of, say, special offers or a price increase†. The next factor is the pricing strategy. Also, it is more imperative than price elasticity when firms make their price decisions. Firms use a serious of pricing strategies, however, the pricing method of cost plus is used most commonly, which is the basic form of all pricing decisions. It refers to a business calculates the average cost and then add a mark-up to the final selling price. Ashwin and Merrills (2008:347) point out another price strategy is called discriminatory pricing; this means a firm set different price for different target groups. As the description from Thompson and Machin (2003:65), discriminatory price refers to â€Å"different price is charged to different group people at different times†. For instance, a cinema charges a different price for students and adults. Besides, it charges different for daytime and evening showings as well. In addition, psychology-pricing strategy is also used quite frequently in supermarkets. For example, Morrison’s sell a bottle of milk  £1.99 rather than  £2, hence customers will perceive the price as being lower. Levitt (1986) argues discriminatory pricing mainly relies on emotional responses from the consumer. The third component in the marketing mix is the place. It concerns the way in which a product is distributed. Stimpson (2005:16) points out â€Å"the ‘place’ decision involves making the product or service available to  consumers in the most appropriate way†. Distribution channel as the most important factor could affect the decision of the place. There are numbers of factors can determine how the product is distributed. Blythe (2012:173) suggests one of them is the marketing aim. The increasing scale raised enterprise intends to expand as wide a distribution as possible. Furthermore, legal restrictions should be regarded as well. Stone (2001) states there are numerous products are not permitted to sell in some places. For instance, it is forbidden to sell the alcohol at the petrol station. In general, direct distribution, retailers, wholesalers and agent are four core channels of distribution. Direct distribution is the producers sell products to customers directly without intermediaries. Blythe (2012:175) explains this, â€Å"direct distribution channels are typical of personal services such as hairdressing†. For retailers, it is an organization that offers goods to customers. Tesco and Wal-Mart, for example. In addition, Koter (2005) describes that, in many market, wholesalers act as a link between producers and consumers. Wholesalers usually buy goods from manufacturers then sell goods to the final consumers or retailers. In contrast, agents do not actually purchase goods; they only help manufacturers to sell. Thompson and Machin (2003:80) claim that, â€Å" agent never actually owns a product, they usually connect buyers and sellers and manage the transfer of the good†. The final element in the marketing mix is promotion. Promotion is not only advertising but also a communication tool between producers and consumers. â€Å"promotion is about communicating with customers and potential customers† (Ashwin and Merrills et al., 2008:331). Promotion is essential for a product because it is able to increase the demand for products. Young (2008) suggests promotion can raise emotion, concern or awareness for products or issues. In addition, promotion can protect and preserve the market share as well. The methods of above the line and below the line are two main types methods of promotion. As for above the line promotion, it refers to a firm uses the advertising media but does not has direct control. The most recognizable  face of advertising is television. Because of it can provide the introduction of product with colorful images. Wolinski and Coates (2008:373) state that, â€Å"television has the advantage of being memorable, as it can present both moving images and sound†. Thompson and Machin (2003:74) examines the below the line promotion includes promotional media over which the firm has control. For example, personal selling, it means a salesman or a sales team who regularly visits consumers in person. Having introduced each element of the marketing mix, the essay will now evaluate the most crucial element in the marketing mix – product. There are two principal reasons for product as the most important element in the marketing mix. First of all, product as the key component makes the entirely process of the link between customers and producers possible. Amount of sales promotion and price reduction will not help an enterprise to achieve their market target if the product is not appropriate and attractable. Stimpson (2005:24) agrees with this view that, â€Å" a balance and integrated mix is essential, but without a product that offers customers real and distinctive benefits, even the best-laid marketing plans can be wasted†. In the mean time, Kazmi (2007), in her work, Marketing Management, suggests that the product or service is the most vital element, without a good product, you have nothing. Furthermore, Adcock and Halborg (2001) sustains that the attention of customers will be attracted if a firm can develop a high quality product, hence, the profits that the firm makes will increase. As a result, the pote ntial for business success is significantly enhanced. The second reason is that products enable to decide a firm’s profits, sales, market share, image, reputation and stature. Additionally, product can also determine the scope and direction of a company’s activity. Product acts a heart in the whole marketing mix. Most of the scholars support that view. Stimpson (2005:24) points out that, â€Å"the product is usually considered to be the most important component of the marketing mix†. Stone (2001) believed that in most case the product itself is the key to a successful marketing mix. However, there will be instances that when other components dominate  the marketing mix. Wolinski and Coates (2008:346) argues that, â€Å" At a festival, only one type of bottled water might be available, so the place is the most important factor†. In contrast, Baker (1991) claims when consumer with limited money might choose the product with the lower price, this is due to consumer has insufficient resources to purchase additi onal products. In this case, price is the most significant component. To recapitulate, the essay has introduced and analysed four elements – product, price, place and promotion in the marketing mix. Marketing mix as a tool is able to help firms make efficient business plan and strategy. Each element is playing a very vital role in the marketing mix. Furthermore, the essay has identified the product is the most crucial part since the product is the key component linking between the producers and consumers. It can be concluded that all the elements in the marketing are essential and necessary, while in the most case, product is the most essential component in the marketing mix. An enterprise should coordinate and integrate the four elements so that the firm can build an efficient marketing strategy and achieves more profits as possible. Reference list: Ashwin, A., Merrills, S. and Thompson, R. 2008. Collins biz/ed AS business studies. London: Collins Educational. Baker, M.(1991) Marketing, An Introductory Text, 5th edn. London: Macmillan Education Ltd. Blythe, J. 2012. Essentials of marketing. 5th edn. Harlow: Pearson. Felina C. Young and Cristobal M. Pagoso. 2008. Principles of Marketing 1st edn. Manila: Red Book Store. Kotler, P. 2005. Principles of marketing. 4th edn. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall/FinancialTimes. Leader, W. G. and Kyritsis, N. 1990. Fundamentals of marketing. New edn. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes. Levitt,T.: 1986. The Marketing Imagination. New York: Free express. MarcouseÃŒ , I., Surridge, M. and Gillespie, A. 2011. Business studies for A level. Abingdon, Oxon [UK]: Hodder Education. Ramos, A. and Cota, S. 2008. Search Engine Marketing. New York: McGraw-Hill. Stimpson, P. 2005. Place. Business Review, 11:4-16 Stimpson, P. 2004. The Product Decision. Business Review, 11:1-24 Stone, P. 2001. Make Marketing Work for you. Oxford: How To Books. Thompson, R. and Machin, D. 2003. AS Business Studies.1st edn. London: Collins Educational Wolinski, J. and Coates, G. 2008. AQA AS business studies. 2nd edn. Deddington, Oxfordshire: Philip Allan Updates. a

Critical review of Collier and Fearons articles Essay

Critical review of Collier and Fearons articles - Essay Example Fearon and Laitin had taken data for the period of 1945 to 1999 from 161 countries which had minimum half a million population. On the other hand, Collier and Hoeffler have focused on the data from 1960 to 1999 of 98 countries and have used econometric model to predict civil war. The paper would critically review the articles for the operational definitions and measurements of key theoretical concepts for their validity and reliability. The article broadly tries to examine the various factors that may lead to civil unrest and insurgency in countries across the across. The authors have used the data on 161 countries for the period 1945 to 1999, made available from Singer and Small, 1994 and updated to include Kargil and Eritrean wars. They have consciously scrutinized and refuted the three popular beliefs which could have caused civil wars. They are: prevalence of civil war in 1990s was due to cold war and changing pattern of societies across the world after WWII; ethnic and religious diversity facilitate make countries vulnerable to internal conflicts and civil wars; and ethnic and political grievances are strong contenders for propelling civil wars. The authors have concluded that the major cause that may lead to civil war and insurgency is the socio-economic conditions of the regions where poverty is rampant. The article has extensively looked at various factors of unrest like civil war, insurgency and ethnicity. Civil war is broadly defined as public revolt against the state policies that tries to overpower the state machineries of administration to gain leverage. Ethnicity describes the demographic segmentation of the population based on culture, race and color. Insurgency is the most violent form of internal conflict where armed groups, using guerrilla techniques attack civilians and government machineries for their vested interests. Thus, insurgency primarily is associated with killing and threats to damage of public private property in order to

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Proposal - Essay Example I believe that though some studies also showed that violent media can have bad effects on the sociability and aggression of adolescents and adults alike, these effects came more from their childhood experiences of violent media. Adults can understand what is wrong and right, so they can better understand the harmful effects of violence and they know that violent media is unreal. Children, however, are different because they are not yet mentally and emotionally mature. Violent media can have serious effects on their perceptions of violence, as well as attitudes and actions toward violence. My pathos is that I believe that when we fail to protect the healthy development of the minds and emotions of our children, we are also forsaking the development of a peaceful and rational society. If violent media is bad for kids, then kids must not play them at all, or be exposed to them, including marketing tools that sell violent media. 4. What’s your thesis? Violent media is bad for kids because it has significant short-term and long-term effects on children’s development of aggressive thoughts, emotions, and actions, regardless of gender, socioeconomic status, intelligence, and parenting styles and characteristics. What information do they need and why? They need to know why violent media is bad for kids using logic and evidence because they need convincing on why violent media can affect the thinking and behaviors of their kids. How much or how little are you going to use that/those source(s)? I am going to use them all but I also need contradicting research or studies and anecdotes that oppose them, so that I can respond to these research and ideas and prove that my position is more convincing than