Cell Phones And Its Impact On Society - 1575 Words

Thanks to the father of the cell phone Martin Cooper, over 90% of people, just in the United States, possess his creation in their pockets (Mobile Technology Fact Sheet). Little did he know that these complex devices could grow to their current demand and start to pose a danger to society. Cell phones are a detrimental technology that is disrupting our way of life. The creator of the mobile phone, Martin Cooper, had an interesting history leading him up to the invention of the cell phone. Born on December 26, 1928, in Chicago, Illinois our father grew up as a mechanical wizard, and after enlisting in the Navy, he received his master s degree in electrical engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology; soon after he joined Motorola, the company he would send into history (Cooper). In the late 1960 s and early 1970 s people had begun to experiment with the communication equipment was around the world. One of the first improvements was within the police force where officers could us e mobile radios to communicate with each other. Secondly, the first version of the CB radio was created. With the vehicles providing the power and antennae, a select few of the population could take advantage of this opportunity. ATT, the monopolizing franchise at the time, began improving this car radio while the private company of Motorola made their history (Cooper). To bring ATT s monopoly of wireless communication crashing to the ground, Cooper created Dyna-Tac. The firstShow MoreRelatedCell Phones And Its Impact On Society929 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Cell phones play an important role in the exchange of information throughout the world today. The impact of this technological revolution across the globe has demonstrated a drastic change in which humans interact by carrying out real-time communication using cell phones. An analysis by Ezoe et al., (2009) in a survey about Harvard University students behaviors and addictions when using phones concluded that more than 65% of the college students directly interact with phones and more thanRead MoreImpact Of Cell Phones On Society1509 Words   |  7 PagesImpacts of Cellphones use in Society Advancements in technology have resulted in the invention of devices and machines that increase the efficiency and quality of life. Notably, the design of the cellphone and the internet highlights the latest technology that captivates both young and old. Mobile phones have become an integral part of our society. Primarily, the development of cellphones which combine different sophisticated features has made the device one of the necessities of life. So far, statisticsRead MoreCell Phones And Its Impact On Society892 Words   |  4 Pages In today’s society, smartphones dominate as one of the top accessories, but there might be a problem lurking beneath that shiny exterior. Cell phones have made a dramatic advancement from the bricks with antennas to the sleek touch screen that seems to occupy the hands of every teen and working adult. These smartphones act as a status symbol for what’s in style as well as who’s on top of the social pyramid regarding the large variety of social media that can be accessed through such a smallRead MoreThe Negative Impact Of Cell Phones On Society1074 Words   |  5 PagesToday phones are an important part of society. Everybody seems to have a phone, people can generally observe somebody messaging, on the internet or just making a quick call. Many detect these to be greatly helpful assets for everyday life; however, the vast majority do not stop to consider the negative impacts that mobile phones could have on someone well being and living. In the last 15 years, nothing has impacted society like cell phones. Cell phones were once was an item of luxury has now becomeRead MoreCell Phones And Its Impact On Modern Society2440 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract Throughout the years especially in 2015, society has been very dependent on the utilization of technology. Cellphones immediately come to mind when we speak of technology, as they are advertised everywhere and sold in every place of America, everything around us is powered by some form of technology. Computers have replace newspaper. Cellphones have replaced so many devices that now this gadget has enslaved us, in average we check our cellphones approximately 10-20 times in one hour.Read MoreImpact of the Light Bulb and Cell Phone on Society1353 Words   |  6 Pageshours, to bulbs that can now last over ten thousand hours. From a simple cellular phone only capable of making phone calls, to today’s smartphones that have effectively changed the way we interact with one another. Although there will always be opponents of technology, there is no denying that is has positively impacted modern society, and the way we live, work, and communicate. Thomas Alva Edison In today’s society, when a light bulb goes out, we think nothing of it. It is easy to drive to theRead MoreCell Phones : Positive And Negative Impacts On Society873 Words   |  4 PagesThere has been a lot of controversy over use cell phones along with the positive and negative impacts that it has reflected on society. Today, cell phones are used for numerous amounts of things that could play a role into a person’s everyday life. Cell phones could also be overpowering when not being used for certain things. Therefore, it is truly up to the individual on how they interact with their cell phone or smart phone. Cell phones sometimes come in handy even in unexpected situations. TheRead MoreMaterialism in Society1161 Words   |  5 Pagesand 400 dollar Dolce Gabbana cell phones are across our nation. The cell phone has grown tremendously over the years in both technology and its appearance from the dorky huge box to a fashion statement. The invention of the cell phone has helped our country as well as others in many ways of communication such as: for business, family, and emergencies. However, people have become negatively addicted to cell phones and are abusing them. The cell phone has taken impact and has attracted those who areRead MoreImportance Of Cell Phone Safety Essay1056 Words   |  5 PagesThe cell phone safety In spite of the fact that cell phones convey a few expediency and advantages to our lives, they additionally have some possibly unsafe impacts. Disclosure of cell phones has been one of the critical technological progress lately. A portion of these effects has contributed emphatically to our lives, yet at the same time, others have affected contrarily. The cell phones have had a noticeable effect on the social life of individuals. In any case, cell phones have accompaniedRead MoreMobile Phones And The Mobile Phone987 Words   |  4 PagesIn this day and age, it is almost impossible to not have a cell phone; the number of people who own a cell phone is growing every year. â€Å"At the end of 2011, there were almost 6 billion mobile subscriptions. That is a dramatic increase from 5.4 billion in 2010 and 4.7 billion mobile subscriptions in 2009† (International Tele - communications Union, 2011). With the introduction into society the cell phone established a convenient way to communicate between individuals, and they have also connected

Essay about Nazi Politics A Work of Art - 1315 Words

National Socialism achieved its zenith in Germanys Third Reich under Adolf Hitler. Hitler and the Nazi Party essentially turned politics into an art by using, and indeed abusing, power to benefit themselves in any possible way. Hitler sought perfection in his regime and attempted to achieve it through organization and assimilation of the volk, dealing swiftly and affectively with opposition, thus not allowing alternatives to the regime, and by emphasizing discipline and a chain of command. Through Hitler and the Nazi Partys efforts, politics in the Third Reich were turned into work of art. The Nazi Party of the Third Reich was very well organized. The party was not operated solely on a central or national level, rather the†¦show more content†¦Selected districts are...worked over with propaganda operations consisting of methodically and skillfully prepared written and verbal appeals...which...cannot be...matched by any other party or political movement. Political opponents were temporarily stifled by Nazi propaganda. Once in power, Hitler and the Nazi Party efficiently and totally eliminated all forms of political opposition; however, not before using them to his advantage. In 1931, the Nazis worked with the Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (KPD or German Communist Party) to jointly gain a majority of the Reichstag over the Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (SPD or German Social Democratic Party). Two years later, on the night of February 27, 1933 the Reichstag building was burned and the Nazis blamed the communists assuming they set the blaze signaling the beginning of a communist revolution. In response, Hitler proposed the Decree for the Protection of People and State, the Reichstag Fire Decree, which enabled the Nazis to round up Communists, Social Democrats, and other opponents in the best interests of the protection of volk and state. Shortly thereafter the Law for the Removal of the Distress of People and Reich (the Enabling Act) was passed legalizing the national socialist revolution essentially giving Hitler the power to issue laws freely. Subsequent laws pertaining to removal of people considered threats to the Nazis followed, including the Decree forShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Censorship On The World Essay1749 Words   |  7 Pagesan over stimulant diet (JeJelavich 24). Even what the working class and bourgeoisie were consuming at the time was a sugar thus stimulate based diet. Around the turn of the century â€Å"many observers of German culture concluded that a new performing art was needed†(Jelavich 26) it needed meet a middle ground between â€Å" the mindlessness of popular variety shows and the incomprehensible esoterism of avant-garde†( Jelavich 26). This is when the form cabaret came to the rescue. Berlin had over fiftyRead MoreAmerican Politics During The Vietnam War1370 Words   |  6 PagesEssay B One of the most prominent influences of art throughout history has been politics. The 50s through 70s in America are a great example of this, for so many of this era’s songs were arguments against America’s involvement in the Vietnam War and criticisms of American politics at the time. However, this phenomenon was prominent long before the Vietnam War and was not just an American trend; in fact, two of the most influential and famous pieces of the early 20th century were products of politicalRead MoreFranz Richard Wagner s Influence On Society1430 Words   |  6 PagesWilhelm Richard Wagner was a renowned German opera composer who lived in the 1800s. Besides his extravagant operatic works, he dabbled in written essays with the most notable being his Judaism in Music published in 1850. Wagner’s essay made very clear his views on Jewish composers and performers in the German musical realm—he loathed them. His anti-Semitism is made blatantly clear in the ver y first paragraph, â€Å"It will not be a question, however, of saying something new, but of explaining that unconsciousRead MoreDifferences Between Class, Religion And Politics1500 Words   |  6 PagesVolksgemeinschaft was another principle outlined very greatly in propaganda and that is overcoming old differences in class, religion and politics. Volksgemeinschaft essentially entails the creation of a collective national identity by encouraging people to work together for the benefit of the nation, and promoting â€Å"German Values†. The Propaganda Machine was essentially another tactic used for when the information and election tactics adaped at a local level, with a division of different electoralRead MoreAdolf Hitler As A Leader Of Nazi Germany1640 Words   |  7 Pages Adolf Hitler is known throughout the world as being the leader of Nazi Germany in the early twentieth century, and ultimately the instigator for World War II. His actions have faced much scrutiny since the conflict was resolved, but the genius behind this war effort is seeded in the politics of his egregious nature. Early Life and Upbringing Hitler was born on April 20, 1889, at Braunau-am-Inn, Austria. Alois,his father, had risen from a poor peasant background to become an Austrian customs officialRead MoreAdolf Hitler and The Holocaust Essay1519 Words   |  7 Pageslasted until May 8th, 1945, when Europe won World War II. During the event of the Holocaust, six million Jewish followers were murdered; nearly two-thirds of the European Jewish population and one-third of all the Jewish population in the world. The Nazi Party not only targeted the Jews, but communists, Marxists, and anyone who stood up to, or posed a threat to the Nazi’s plan. Despite World War II raging through Europe, the victims eliminated were not casualties of war, but subjects of Germany’sRead MoreHunchback Of Notre Dame Film Analysis1228 Words   |  5 PagesWhen one examines a work of art, context often casts the work in a radically different light. Art does not exist in a vacuum, and nearly every work of art is influenced both b y its surrounding environment, and comments or critiques upon that environment. Since its inception, film has been a widely accessible venue for these critiques and often serve as time capsules of what people from a certain time and place thought about the world. Not only that, but film also marks different shifts in politicalRead MoreMovements in Art Report Essay1427 Words   |  6 PagesDegenerate art is not bad art; it was just labeled that by the German government. In 1937, an exhibition of over six hundred works labeled Degenerate Art opened in Munich, Germany, right next door to an exhibit of its opposite, Great German Art. The purpose of Degenerate Art was to showcase art with subjects and styles that disobeyed Adolf Hitler’s standards of art, which targeted most modern, avant-garde art that seemingly attacked the purity of the German people. Hitler understood that art was goingRead MoreThe Insanity Of The German Nazi Leader Essay1259 Words   |  6 PagesAllie Laws on Dawn Hagy Honors World History 7 December 2016 The Insanity of the German Nazi Leader During World War 2 the National Socialist German Workers Party, or Nazi, leader came into power and spread his ideology: his name was Adolf Hitler. At the time, there were so many people that praised him and what he stood for. On the other hand, the majority of the world saw the cruel things that he did to the Jewish people. Those people refer to his as insane because of the fact that he had noRead MoreModernism in Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler802 Words   |  3 PagesModernism was in effect expelled from Germany and many of its champions emigrated overseas as Hitler described modern art as â€Å"Bolshevist art†Ã¢â‚¬  in his autobiography â€Å"Mein Kampf† and â€Å"criticized the Weimar Republic for its alleged cultural weaknesses†.(Architecture and Politics in Germany ) â€Å"The Enabling Act (German: Ermà ¤chtigungsgesetz ) was a 1933 amendment to the Weimar Constitution that gave the German Cabinet – in effect, Chancellor Adolf Hitler – the power to enact laws without the involvement

Brain Computer Interface free essay sample

Modifying the human body or enhancing our cognitive abilities using technology has been a long-time dream for many people. An increasing amount of research tries to link the human brain with machines allowing humans to control their environment through their thoughts. Research on BCIs began in the 1970s, but it wasnt until the mid-1990s that the first working experimental implants in humans appeared. Following years of animal experimentation, early working implants in humans now exist, designed to restore damaged hearing, sight and movement. The common thread throughout the research is the remarkable cortical plasticity of the brain, which often adapts to BCIs, treating prostheses controlled by implants as natural limbs. With recent advances in technology and knowledge, pioneering researchers could now conceivably attempt to produce BCIs that augment human functions rather than simply restoring them, previously only the realm of science fiction. 2. Brain Machine Interface (Brain Computer Interface): In this definition, the word â€Å"brain† means the brain or nervous system of an organic life form rather than the mind. Computer† means any processing or computational device, from simple circuits to silicon chips (including hypothetical future technologies such as quantum computing). A Brain Machine Interface (BMI), sometimes called a Direct Neural Interface or a Brain Computer Interface, is a direct communication pathway between a human or animal brain (or brain cell culture) and an external device. In one-way BCIs, computers either accept commands from the brain or send signals to it (for example, to restore vision) but not both. Two-way BCIs would allow brains and external devices to exchange information in both directions but have yet to be successfully implanted in animals or human. Brain-computer interface (BCI) is collaboration between a brain and a device that enables signals from the brain to direct some external activity, such as control of a cursor or a prosthetic limb. The interface enables a direct communications pathway between the brain and the object to be controlled. In the case of cursor control, for example, the signal is transmitted directly from the brain to the mechanism directing the cursor, rather than taking the normal route through the bodys neuromuscular system from the brain to the finger on a mouse. By reading signals from an array of neurons and using computer chips and programs to translate the signals into action, BCI can enable a person suffering from paralysis to write a book or control a motorized wheelchair or prosthetic limb through thought alone. Current brain-interface devices require deliberate conscious thought; some future applications, such as prosthetic control, are likely to work effortlessly. One of the biggest challenges in developing BCI technology has been the development of electrode devices and/or surgical methods that are minimally invasive. In the traditional BCI model, the brain accepts an implanted mechanical device and controls the device as a natural part of its representation of the body. Much current research is focused on the potential on non-invasive BCI. At the European Research and Innovation Exhibition in Paris in June 2006, American scientist Peter Brunner composed a message simply by concentrating on a display. Brunner wore a close-fitting (but completely external) cap fitted with a number of electrodes as shown in fig. Electroencephalographic (EEG) activity from Brunners brain was picked up by the caps electrodes and the information used, along with software, to identify specific letters or characters for the message. The BCI Brunner demonstrated is based on a method called the Wadsworth system. Like other EEG-based BCI technologies, the Wadsworth system uses adaptive algorithms and Pattern-matching techniques to facilitate communication. Both user and software are expected to adapt and learn, making the process more efficient with practice. During the presentation, a message was displayed from an American neurobiologist who uses the system to continue working, despite suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrigs disease). He was able to send the following e-mail message: I am a neuroscientist who (sic) couldnt work without BCI. I am writing this with my EEG courtesy of the Wadsworth Center Brain-Computer Interface Research Program. EEG Pattern Recognition This project aims to improve performance of NASA missions by developing brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies for augmented human-system interaction. BCI technologies will add completely new modes of interaction, which operate in parallel with keyboards, speech, or other manual controls, thereby increasing the bandwidth of human-system interaction. The research will extend recent feasibility demonstrations of electromyographic (EMG) methods for neurocontrol to the domain of electroencephalographic (EEG) methods of neurocontrol. These methods will bypass muscle activity and draw control signals directly from the human brain. BCI technologies will provide powerful and intuitive modes of interaction with 2-D and 3-D data, particularly for visualization and searching in complex data structures, such as geographical maps, satellite images, and terrain databases. . Model train control via brain interface machine: Hitachi has successfully tested a brain-machine interface that allows users to turn power switches on and off with their mind. Relying on optical topography, a neuroimaging technique that uses near-infrared light to map blood concentration in the brain, the system can recognize the changes in brain blood flow associated with mental activity and translate those changes into voltage signals for controlling external devices. In the experiments, test subjects were able to activate the power switch of a model train by performing mental arithmetic and reciting items from memory. The prototype brain-machine interface allows only simple control of switches, but with a better understanding of the subtle variations in blood concentrations associated with various brain activities, the signals can be refined and used to control more complex mechanical operations. In the long term, brain-machine interface technology may help paralyzed patients become independent by empowering them to carry out actions with their minds. In the short term, Hitachi sees potential applications for this brain-machine interface in the field of cognitive rehabilitation, where it can be used as an entertaining tool for demonstrating a patient’s progress. NOTE: The earliest interfaces developed in this breakthrough field of research require scientists to insert electrodes into the skull in order to physically tap directly into the brain, and researchers are currently trying to develop technologies that will enable them to access neurological activity through minimally invasive techniques. It is hoped that some day brain machine interfaces will be able to read neural signals non-invasively, from outside the skull, and that devices will be operated involuntarily, without deliberate conscious thought. Thus, for example, fighter pilots wearing specialized helmets may be able to operate some controls automatically, just by thinking. 4. Neuroprosthetics: Neuroprosthetics (also called Neural Prosthetics) is a discipline related to neuroscience and biomedical engineering concerned with developing neural prostheses, artificial devices to replace or improve the function of an impaired nervous system. The neuroprosthetic seeing the most widespread use is the cochlear implant, with approximately 100,000 in use worldwide as of 2006. There are several types of neuroprosthetic as follows: I. Sensory Prosthetics: i. Visual prosthetics: One of the prominent goals in neuroprosthetics is a visual supplement, noting roughly 95% of all people considered blind suffer significant impairment but have some capability (for example, seeing some sort of blur) only about 5% of blind people are totally blind. By the 1940s, researchers had established the concept of artificial electrical stimulation of the visual cortex, and in the late 1960s, British scientist Giles Brindley produced breakthrough findings with a system for placing electrodes on the brains surface. When specific areas of the brain were stimulated in blind volunteers, all reported seeing phosphenes that corresponded to where they would have appeared in space. However, experiments were discontinued because of the uncomfortably high currents required for stimulation on the surface of the brain. Encouraged by this work, the National Institutes of Health undertook a project to develop and deploy an interface based on ultra fine wire (25 to 50 micrometers) densely populated with electrode sites that could be implanted deep into the visual cortex, thus requiring less current than Brindleys original design. This work led to new electrode technology—finer than the width of human hair—that could be safely implanted in animals to electrically stimulate, and passively record, electrical activity in the brain. The efforts produced significant advances in neurophysiology, with publication of hundreds of papers in which researchers attempted to develop an electronic interface to the brain. ii. Auditory prosthetics (cochlear implant): A cochlear implant (or bionic ear) is a surgically implanted device that can help provide a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing. Unlike hearing aids, the cochlear implant does not amplify sound, but works by directly stimulating any functioning auditory nerves inside the cochlea with electrical impulses. External components of the cochlear implant include a microphone, speech processor and transmitter. iii. Prosthetics for pain relief (Spinal Cord Stimulator): The Spinal Cord Stimulator or (Dorsal Column Stimulator) is used to treat chronic neurological pain. It is implanted near the dorsal surface of the spinal cord and an electric impulse generated by the device provides a tingling sensation that alters the perception of pain by the patient. A pulse generator or RF receiver is implanted in the abdomen or buttocks. A wire harness connects the lead to the pulse generator. II. Motor prosthetics: . Bladder control implants (Sacral anterior root stimulator): Where a spinal cord lesion leads to paraplegia, patients have difficulty emptying their bladders and this can cause infection. From 1969 onwards Brindley developed the sacral anterior root stimulator, with successful human trials from the early 1980s onwards. This device is implanted over the sacral anterior root ganglia of the spin al cord; controlled by an external transmitter, it delivers intermittent stimulation which improves bladder emptying. It also assists in defecation and enables male patients to have a sustained full erection. The related procedure of sacral nerve stimulation is for the control of incontinence in able-bodied patients. ii. Sensory/Motor prosthetics: In 2002 an implant was interfaced directly into the median nerve fibres of the scientist Kevin Warwick. The electrode array inserted contained 100 electrodes, of which 25 could be accessed at any one time. The signals produced were detailed enough that a robot arm developed by Warwicks colleague, Peter Kyberd, was able to mimic the actions of Warwicks own arm and provide a form of touch feedback via the implant. Fig: Electrode array Fig: Robot arm iii. Cognitive prosthetics: Sensory and motor prostheses deliver input to and output from the nervous system respectively. Theodore Berger at the University of Southern California defines a third class of prostheses aimed at restoring cognitive function by replacing circuits within the brain damaged by stroke, trauma or disease. Work has begun on a proof-of-concept device a hippocampal prosthesis which can mimic the function of a region of the hippocampus a part of the brain responsible for the formation of memories. . BMI versus Neuroprosthetics: Neuroprosthetics is an area of neuroscience concerned with neural prostheses — using artificial devices to replace the function of impaired nervous systems or sensory organs. The most widely used neuroprosthetic device is the cochlear implant, which was implanted in approximately 100,000 people worldwide as of 2006. [2] There are also several neuroprosthetic devices that aim to restore vision, in cluding retinal implants, although this article only discusses implants directly into the brain. The differences between BCIs and neuroprosthetics are mostly in the ways the terms are used: neuroprosthetics typically connect the nervous system, to a device, whereas the term â€Å"BCIs† usually connects the brain (or nervous system) with a computer system. Practical neuroprosthetics can be linked to any part of the nervous system, for example peripheral nerves, while the term BCI usually designates a narrower class of systems which interface with the central nervous system. The terms are sometimes used interchangeably and for good reason. Neuroprosthetics and BCI seek to achieve the same aims, such as restoring sight, hearing, movement, ability to communicate, and even cognitive function. Both use similar experimental methods and surgical techniques. 6. Future Trends and Scopes: Recent advances in cortically controlled brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) have demonstrated that goal-directed movement of external devices is possible in real-time using multi-electrode recordings from cortex. A number of challenges are currently being confronted to further advance BMI research to the next level. These include choosing the optimal decoding algorithm for the type of control to be performed, localizing the optimal cortical site for reliable control, and focusing on the most suitable electrophysiological signal for practical use in a BMI. We present results that attempt to address these challenges based on multi-electrode recording from multiple motor cortical areas in behaving monkeys. . Conclusion: Although brain–machine interfaces are often talked about in relation to disabled people, we can expect they will also be used by the non-disabled as a means to control their environment especially if the devices are non-invasive and no implants are needed. To date there has not been much public discussion of the implications of brain machine interfaces, the amount of public RD funding they receive, and control, distribution and access to these devices.

Racial Tensions Essays - Discrimination, Social Inequality

Racial Tensions For Democracy to truly thrive there must be equal opportunity and an equal distribution of hope for all people. A myth that underpins American culture is that we live in a land where success is based on merit, and differences in wealth is due to the differences in ambition and ability. Each individual has equal opportunity obtain an educational foundation that will provide social mobility, self-improvement and self-awareness. Lastly each individual will live without the pains of discrimination and will have the freedom to pursue their dreams. If this American myth is true, do we still need legislation such as Affirmative Action? Since the birth of this country, there has also been the issue of racial discrimination. We have made progress since the days of slavery and segregation, but animosity towards a universal acceptance of all races still exist. Today in America, white males occupy most managerial positions, and corporate market institutions have a disproportionate amount of capital, power and influence on how society is run and how culture is shaped. (p25, Race Matters) After the United States Congress passed the Civil Rights Act in 1964, it became apparent that certain business traditions, such as seniority status and aptitude tests, prevented total equality in employment. In 1965 the U.S. government believed that employers were discriminating against minorities and that action must be taken to try to bring equality back into the marketplace. On September 24, 1965, President, Lyndon B. Johnson issued Executive Order #11246 at Howard University that required federal contractors ?to take affirmative acti on to ensure that applicants are employed . . . without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin (Civil Rights).? When Lyndon Banes Johnson signed that order, he enacted one of the most controversial pieces of legislation. Affirmative action was created in an effort to help minorities leap the discriminative barriers that are present in this country. In a statement released in 1981 by the United States Commission on Civil Rights, Jack P. Hartog, who directed the project, said: Only if discrimination were nothing more than the misguided acts of a few prejudiced individuals would affirmative action plans be ?reverse discrimination.? Only if today's society were operating fairly toward minorities and women would measures that take race, sex, and national origin into account be ?preferential treatment.? Only if discrimination were securely placed in a well-distant past would affirmative action be an unneeded and drastic remedy. The problem with Affirmative Action is that i s has two serious drawbacks that I will mention, it contributes to ?preferential treatment? and ?reverse discrimination.? The following cases are examples of what has occurred after the legislation has been past; In 1969, five major Omaha corporations reported that the number of white managers fell 25% due to restrictions put on them when affirmative action was adopted (Nebraska Advisory Committee 27). In 1977, The Northern Natural Gas Company of Omaha, Nebraska, was forced by the government to release sixty-five white male workers to make room for minority employees. (Nebraska Advisory Committee 40). From the above examples we have created situations that have the potential to increase racial prejudices amongst the workers and families of the workers. Needless the employees were treated unfairly. Martin Luther King Jr. desired a world without discrimination, without prejudice, and without stereotypes. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.(Martin Luther King Jr.) The fundamental lesson that years of discrimination should have taught is that to give anyone preference based on skin color, sex, or religious beliefs is wrong. Needless to say preferential hiring does influence judgments based on skin color, race and sex. By no means am I trying to use the late Martin Luther King Jr.s speech against his original cause, but instead I hope to bring attention to the fact that the government has implemented a law, which can lead to negative consequences. The end result from affirmative action may actually fuel, rather than extinguish, racial hostilities through out our country. Just as the late Martin Luther King Jr. feelings towards discrimination fueled one of the greatest changes